The term “bookworm” is used in two senses. The first refers to any type of insect which infests books, while the other refers to a person who enjoys books. The second may be used pejoratively, suggesting that the person has become obsessed with books. In the second sense, avid reading can certainly be hard on books, especially cheap paperbacks, but it is generally not as potentially damaging as insect infestation. The intended meaning is usually made clear by context.

The first usage of bookworm can get rather vague. No species of insect is specifically known as a bookworm, although a wide range of insects from silverfish to termites will eat books and paper, if the material is available. The larvae of several insects are also rather fond of books, especially the glue used in older books, and some of these larvae will tunnel into books. A true book borer, however, is rather rare.

Controlling insects in a library can be a problem, especially in an older library, which may be congenial to insects and damp as well, posing a serious significant risk to the contents. Most bibliophiles try to keep valuable books in controlled environments, where they are less subject to infestation. Keeping a library clean and dry can also help. An abandoned library, however, can be subject to large amounts of insect damage, especially in the tropics.

The second usage of bookworm actually predates the first; as early as 1599, people were referring to book lovers as bookworms. The term was only applied to insects in the 1800s. Some people prefer to distinguish bookworms from bibliophiles, arguing that bookworms love books for their contents, while bibliophiles love books as objects. Clearly, some overlap probably exists between the two, as plenty of bookworms collect old or beautiful books, and many bibliophiles greatly enjoy reading.

Different people have different standards about bookworms, often determined by their own reading habits. The term is often applied to children, especially shy children who spend much of their spare time reading. Adults, however, can certainly be bookworms as well, especially when they have a great deal of spare time on their hands. If you cannot leave the house without a book, you might be a bookworm. This is especially true if you pop the book open at every opportunity, or if you have been known to read while walking down the street, cooking, or performing similar tasks.

AND THE WIKIPEDIA VERSION

Bibliophilia or bibliophilism is the love of books. Accordingly a bibliophile is an individual who loves books, especially “for qualities of format.” A bookworm loves books for their content, or otherwise loves reading. The -ia-suffixed form “bibliophilia” is sometimes considered^{[by whom?]} to be an incorrect usage; the older “bibliophilism” is considered^{[by whom?]} more correct. The adjective form of the term is bibliophilic. A bibliophile may be, but is not necessarily, a book collector.

Profile

The classic bibliophile is one who loves to read, admire and collect books, often amassing a large and specialised collection. Bibliophiles do not necessarily want to possess the books they love; an alternative would be to admire them in old libraries. However, the bibliophile is usually an avid book collector, sometimes pursuing scholarship in the collection, sometimes putting form above content with an emphasis on old, rare, or expensive books, first editions, books with special or unusual bindings,autographed copies, etc.^{[citation needed]}

Usage of the term

Bibliophilia is not to be confused with bibliomania, an obsessive-compulsive disorder involving the collecting of books to the point where social relations or health are damaged, and in which the mere fact that an object is a book is sufficient for it to be collected or loved. Some use the term “bibliomania” interchangeably with “bibliophily” and in fact, the Library of Congress does not use the term “bibliophily,” but rather refers its readers to either book collecting or bibliomania.^[1] The New York Public Libraryfollows the same practice.^[2]

History

According to Arthur H. Minters the “private collecting of books was a fashion indulged in by many Romans, including Cicero and Atticus.”^[3] The British Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone was known to have been a bibliophile. The term entered the English language in 1824.^[4] It is to be distinguished from the much older notion of a bookman (which dates back to 1583), which is one who loves books, and especially reading; more generally, a bookman is one who participates in writing, publishing, or selling books.^[5]

1. To do laundry, first sort your dirty clothes, making separate piles for whites, bright colors and darks. If you mix whites with colors in the wash, the colors may bleed onto and ruin your whites. Also separate clothes that tend to produce lint (towels, sweatshirts, chenille and flannel) from clothes that tend to attract lint (corduroy, velvets and permanent-press clothes).
2. Step 2

   As you sort, close zippers to prevent snagging, and empty pockets (you don’t want soggy shreds of facial tissue all over your clothes!).

3. Step 3

   Pre-treat heavy stains with laundry detergent or stain remover, heeding instructions on the product label.

4. Step 4

   Use the measuring cap of the detergent bottle or the cup found in detergent boxes to measure out the right amount of laundry soap according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

5. Step 5

   Pour the soap into your washer or its detergent dispenser. Add liquid fabric softener, if desired, according to the product instructions.

6. Step 6

   Choose the water temperature for the wash cycle:hot, warm or cold; save on energy and opt for a cold rinse cycle for any load. Consult the labels on your clothes, your washing machine’s instruction manual or the detergent container for recommendations on washing temperature. In general, use cold water to protect colors and darks from bleeding or fading, and to avoid shrinkage. Use warm or hot water for durable fabrics like cotton (make sure they’re preshrunk), and to ensure that your whites stay white.

7. Step 7

   Start the washer before adding clothes, if you have time, to allow the detergent to dissolve in the water. The regular cycle suffices for most laundry, but use the gentle cycle for sheer or delicate fabrics. Adjust the water level to the size of your load.

8. Step 8

   If you need to add bleach, allow the machine to run for a few minutes to mix the detergent and water, then add about a cup of bleach to the washer or the bleach dispenser.

9. Step 9

   Add your clothes, close the lid and let the machine do its dirty work. Washing takes approximately 45 minutes.

10. Step 10

    Put the clothes (and an anti-static sheet, if desired) in the dryer after the wash is complete. Hang delicates (such as bras and certain sweaters) to air dry on a clothing rack or hanger. Check tags if in doubt.

11. Step 11

    Remove lint from the dryer’s lint tray.

12. Step 12

    Select the correct drying temperature for your laundry load: low for delicates, medium for most fabrics and high for cotton. When in doubt, low or medium is the safest bet.

13. Step 13

    Close and turn on the dryer. Expect the drying cycle to take an hour or more for a full load.

14. Step 14

    Once the clothes are completely dry, remove them from the dryer or drying rack and fold your clean laundry.

Olivia “Liv” Boeree is a poker player, TV presenter and model from the United Kingdom. Born in Kent in 1984, Liv studied physics with astrophysics at the University of Manchester before moving to London. She was introduced to the poker industry when she was selected as one of five contestants in the reality TV show “Ultimatepoker.com Showdown”, which aired on Five in autumn 2005. During the show she was coached by top professional player Phil Hellmuth. In 2006 Liv appeared on the Channel 4 show Codex

After the show, Liv began playing poker as a serious activity, and in 2006 she became the TV presenter and journalist for Gutshot TV at the World Series of Poker in Las Vegas. Shortly after, she became the host of Challenge TV’s on-line coverage of the European Poker Tour, and also appeared as a reporter at the World Series of Poker Europe on WorldSeriesofPoker.com. Liv writes a regular column in industry magazine “Bluff Europe” and has had front cover features in “Gambling Online”, “World Poker Tour” and “Online Gambler” magazines.

She has a three page feature in the November 2008 issue of Loaded Magazine.

Her initial successes in poker were a 7th place finish at the Welsh Amateur Poker Championships, a 1st place finish at Caesars Palace, Las Vegas and winning a $19,000 package to the 2007 Five Diamond Poker Classic at the Bellagio, Las Vegas. Liv has also appeared in the Gala UK Poker Tour Season 1 on Channel 4 as a featured player, the World Women’s Open on Five in 2007 and on Sky Poker channel 865 in 2008.

In May 2008 Liv won the 2008 Ladbrokes European Ladies Championships for $30,000.^[2]

Liv cashed in two events at the 2008 World Series of Poker: Event 38 $2000 Pot Limit Holdem, finishing 49th for $ 4,074 and Event 41 $1500 Mixed Limit Holdem, finishing 64th for $ 2,793. She also finished 49th at the 2008 Aruba Classic for $5,500.

In January 2009 she finished 7th in the $1500 NLH Bounty event for $18,900 AUD and in April 2009 made two final tables in the prelim events at the World Poker Tour Championships totalling $23,000. She also won a $25,000 seat in a satellite to the WPT Main event, in which she finished 37th for $41,000.

As of Dec 2009 her total live tournament winnings exceed $225,000.^[2]

On 21 July 2007 Liv appeared on the ITV show Golden Balls. She reached the Split or Steal game at the end of the show and stole the jackpot of £6500.50 from her opponent.

She co-presented on Metal Hammer’s Golden Gods free DVD that came with September 2008′s issue.

This is a post about the Horizon!

he horizon (Ancient Greek ὁ ὁρίζων, /ho horídzôn/, from ὁρίζειν, “to limit”) is the apparent line that separates earth from sky.

It is the line that divides all visible directions into two categories: those that intersect the Earth’s surface, and those that do not. At many locations, the true horizon is obscured by trees, buildings, mountains, etc., and the resulting intersection of earth and sky is called the visible horizon. When looking at a sea from a shore, the part of the sea closest to the horizon is called the offing.